India's space missions
India's space programme began in 1963 with a small rocket and has grown into one of the world's largest. Here are the missions that matter, in the order they happened.
Chandrayaan-1
India's first Moon mission. It carried a probe that hit the lunar surface, and a NASA instrument on board helped confirm water molecules on the Moon.
Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission)
India's first Mars mission. It reached Mars orbit on its very first attempt — something no other country had done.
AstroSat
India's first multi-wavelength space observatory, studying the sky in ultraviolet, visible and X-ray light.
Chandrayaan-2
The orbiter succeeded and is still working today. The lander crashed during descent.
Chandrayaan-3
India became the first country to land near the Moon's south pole. The Vikram lander and Pragyan rover worked on the surface.
Aditya-L1
India's first solar observatory. It watches the Sun from a stable point about 1.5 million km from Earth.
XPoSat
India's first X-ray polarimetry mission, and only the second of its kind in the world.
NISAR
A joint mission with NASA. It uses radar to map changes on Earth's surface.
Gaganyaan
India's first crewed spaceflight. It will carry Indian astronauts to low Earth orbit.